One of the uses of statistics is quality control.
No production process is perfect, always there are small disturbances that have influence.
This disturbances are uncontrollable (or it is to expensive to
control them),and have random character.
Suppose we produce some item with a important (numeric)
quality (Screws with length 40 mm and thickness 4 mm.)
We take samples from the productions at regular intervals and measure mean thickness en length. Are they within some
limits, then we accept the lot (with probably unsatisfied customers), if not ';Stop the machines'; and reinstall.
The ';stop'; action is producers risk, accepting screws different from standards is consumers risk.
Somehow you have to sail between this Scylla and Charibdis.
(a statistician calls that Type I and Type II errors).
Regards, MH
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